diff --git a/src/compiler/OPM.cmdln.Mod b/src/compiler/OPM.cmdln.Mod
index 8b029811..96aa25d8 100644
--- a/src/compiler/OPM.cmdln.Mod
+++ b/src/compiler/OPM.cmdln.Mod
@@ -596,11 +596,13 @@ MODULE OPM;  (* RC 6.3.89 / 28.6.89, J.Templ 10.7.89 / 22.7.96  *)
   PROCEDURE FPrintLReal*(VAR fp: LONGINT; lr: LONGREAL);
   VAR l, h: LONGINT;
   BEGIN
-    IF SIZE(REAL) = SIZE(INTEGER) THEN
+    IF SIZE(LONGREAL) = SIZE(LONGINT) THEN
+      (* 64 bit LONGINT *)
+      FPrint(fp, SYSTEM.VAL(LONGINT, lr))
+    ELSE
+      (* 32 bit LONGINT *)
       SYSTEM.GET(SYSTEM.ADR(lr), l); SYSTEM.GET(SYSTEM.ADR(lr)+4, h);
       FPrint(fp, l); FPrint(fp, h)
-    ELSE
-      FPrint(fp, SYSTEM.VAL(LONGINT, lr))
     END
   END FPrintLReal;
 
diff --git a/src/library/v4/Reals.Mod b/src/library/v4/Reals.Mod
index 1c5bfb37..e90aff71 100644
--- a/src/library/v4/Reals.Mod
+++ b/src/library/v4/Reals.Mod
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 MODULE Reals;
   (* JT, 5.2.90 / RC 9.12.91 conversion between reals and strings for HP-700, MB 9.12.91, JT for Ofront, 16.3. 95*)
+  (* DCWB 20160817 Made independent of INTEGER size *)
 
-  IMPORT S := SYSTEM;
+  IMPORT SYSTEM;
 
   PROCEDURE Ten*(e: INTEGER): REAL;
   VAR r, power: LONGREAL;
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ MODULE Reals;
     END ;
     RETURN SHORT(r)
   END Ten;
-  
+
 
   PROCEDURE TenL*(e: INTEGER): LONGREAL;
     VAR r, power: LONGREAL;
@@ -26,31 +27,43 @@ MODULE Reals;
       power := power * power
     END
   END TenL;
-  
- 
+
+
+  (* Real number format (IEEE 754)
+
+    TYPE REAL - Single precision / binary32:
+      1/sign, 8/exponent, 23/significand
+
+    TYPE LONGREAL - Double precision / binary64:
+      1/sign, 11/exponent, 52/significand
+
+    exponent:
+      stored as exponent value + 127.
+
+    significand (fraction):
+      excludes leading (most significant) bit which is assumed to be 1.
+  *)
+
+
   PROCEDURE Expo*(x: REAL): INTEGER;
+    VAR  i: INTEGER;
   BEGIN
-    RETURN SHORT(ASH(S.VAL(INTEGER, x), -23) MOD 256)
+    SYSTEM.GET(SYSTEM.ADR(x)+2, i);
+    RETURN (i DIV 127) MOD 256
   END Expo;
-  
- 
+
+
   PROCEDURE ExpoL*(x: LONGREAL): INTEGER;
     VAR i: INTEGER; l: LONGINT;
   BEGIN
-    IF SIZE(INTEGER) = 4 THEN
-      S.GET(S.ADR(x)+4, i); (* Fetch top 32 bits *)
-      RETURN SHORT(ASH(i, -20) MOD 2048)
-    ELSIF SIZE(LONGINT) = 4 THEN
-      S.GET(S.ADR(x)+4, l); (* Fetch top 32 bits *)
-      RETURN SHORT(ASH(l, -20) MOD 2048)
-    ELSE HALT(98)
-    END
+    SYSTEM.GET(SYSTEM.ADR(x)+6, i);
+    RETURN (i DIV 16) MOD 2048
   END ExpoL;
-  
 
-  (* Convert LONGREAL: Write positive integer value of x into array d. 
+
+  (* Convert LONGREAL: Write positive integer value of x into array d.
      The value is stored backwards, i.e. least significant digit
-     first. n digits are written, with trailing zeros fill. 
+     first. n digits are written, with trailing zeros fill.
      On entry x has been scaled to the number of digits required. *)
   PROCEDURE ConvertL*(x: LONGREAL; n: INTEGER; VAR d: ARRAY OF CHAR);
     VAR i, j, k: LONGINT;
@@ -64,15 +77,15 @@ MODULE Reals;
       j := ENTIER(x - (i * 1000000000.0D0)); (* The low 9 digits *)
       (* First generate the low 9 digits. *)
       IF j < 0 THEN j := 0 END;
-      WHILE k < 9 DO 
+      WHILE k < 9 DO
         d[k] := CHR(j MOD 10 + 48); j := j DIV 10; INC(k)
       END;
       (* Fall through to generate the upper digits *)
     ELSE
       (* We can generate all the digits in one go. *)
-      i := ENTIER(x); 
+      i := ENTIER(x);
     END;
-  
+
     WHILE k < n DO
       d[k] := CHR(i MOD 10 + 48); i := i DIV 10; INC(k)
     END
@@ -89,28 +102,26 @@ MODULE Reals;
     ELSE           RETURN CHR(i+55) END
   END ToHex;
 
+  PROCEDURE BytesToHex(VAR b, d: ARRAY OF SYSTEM.BYTE);
+    VAR i: INTEGER; l: LONGINT; by: CHAR;
+  BEGIN
+    i := 0; l := LEN(b);
+    WHILE i < l DO
+      by := SYSTEM.VAL(CHAR, d[i]);
+      d[i*2]   := ToHex(ORD(by) DIV 16);
+      d[i*2+1] := ToHex(ORD(by) MOD 16);
+      INC(i)
+    END
+  END BytesToHex;
+
   (* Convert Hex *)
   PROCEDURE ConvertH*(y: REAL; VAR d: ARRAY OF CHAR);
-  TYPE pc4 = POINTER TO ARRAY 4 OF CHAR;
-  VAR p: pc4;  i: INTEGER;
-  BEGIN 
-    p := S.VAL(pc4, S.ADR(y)); i := 0; 
-    WHILE i<4 DO 
-      d[i*2]   := ToHex(ORD(p[i]) DIV 16);
-      d[i*2+1] := ToHex(ORD(p[i]) MOD 16)
-    END
+  BEGIN BytesToHex(y, d)
   END ConvertH;
-  
+
   (* Convert Hex Long *)
-  PROCEDURE ConvertHL*(y: LONGREAL; VAR d: ARRAY OF CHAR);
-  TYPE pc8 = POINTER TO ARRAY 8 OF CHAR;
-  VAR p: pc8;  i: INTEGER;
-  BEGIN 
-    p := S.VAL(pc8, S.ADR(y)); i := 0; 
-    WHILE i<8 DO 
-      d[i*2]   := ToHex(ORD(p[i]) DIV 16);
-      d[i*2+1] := ToHex(ORD(p[i]) MOD 16)
-    END
+  PROCEDURE ConvertHL*(x: LONGREAL; VAR d: ARRAY OF CHAR);
+  BEGIN BytesToHex(x, d)
   END ConvertHL;
-  
+
 END Reals.
diff --git a/src/test/confidence/library/TestLibrary.mod b/src/test/confidence/library/TestLibrary.mod
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d97db656
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/confidence/library/TestLibrary.mod
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+MODULE TestLibrary;
+
+IMPORT SYSTEM, Console, Reals;
+
+PROCEDURE TestConvert(lr: LONGREAL);
+  VAR str: ARRAY 20 OF CHAR; i: INTEGER;
+BEGIN
+  Reals.ConvertL(lr, 6, str);
+  i := 6; WHILE i > 0 DO DEC(i); Console.Char(str[i]) END;
+  Console.Ln;
+END TestConvert;
+
+PROCEDURE TestHex(r: REAL);
+  VAR str: ARRAY 20 OF CHAR;
+BEGIN
+  Reals.ConvertH(r, str); str[8] := 0X; Console.String(str); Console.Ln;
+END TestHex;
+
+PROCEDURE RealTests;
+  VAR
+    str: ARRAY 20 OF CHAR;
+(*
+    r:   REAL;
+    lr:  LONGREAL;
+*)
+BEGIN
+  TestConvert(1.0);
+  TestConvert(1.5);
+  TestConvert(2.0);
+  TestConvert(2.99);
+  TestConvert(3.0);
+
+  TestHex(1.0);
+  TestHex(1.5);
+  TestHex(2.0);
+  TestHex(2.99);
+  TestHex(3.0);
+
+  Console.Int(Reals.Expo(0.5),1); Console.Ln; (* 126 *)
+  Console.Int(Reals.Expo(1.0),1); Console.Ln; (* 128 *)
+  Console.Int(Reals.Expo(2.0),1); Console.Ln; (* 129 *)
+  Console.Int(Reals.Expo(3.0),1); Console.Ln; (* 129 *)
+  Console.Int(Reals.Expo(4.0),1); Console.Ln; (* 130 *)
+END RealTests;
+
+
+BEGIN
+  RealTests;
+  Console.String("Library tests successful."); Console.Ln;
+END TestLibrary.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/test/confidence/library/expected b/src/test/confidence/library/expected
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a76636a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/confidence/library/expected
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+000001
+000001
+000002
+000002
+000003
+33333333
+33333333
+33333333
+33333333
+33333333
+126
+128
+129
+129
+130
+Library tests successful.
diff --git a/src/test/confidence/library/test.sh b/src/test/confidence/library/test.sh
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..62605c10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/confidence/library/test.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+. ../testenv.sh
+# Generate mixed source and assembly code listing
+voc TestLibrary.mod -m
+./TestLibrary >result
+. ../testresult.sh
diff --git a/src/tools/make/vishap.make b/src/tools/make/vishap.make
index 913edc9f..605485ad 100644
--- a/src/tools/make/vishap.make
+++ b/src/tools/make/vishap.make
@@ -385,9 +385,10 @@ confidence:
 	cd src/test/confidence/hello;           $(RUNTEST)
 	cd src/test/confidence/intsyntax;       $(RUNTEST)
 	cd src/test/confidence/language;        $(RUNTEST)
-	if [ "$(PLATFORM)" != "windows" ] ; then cd src/test/confidence/signal; $(RUNTEST); fi
+	cd src/test/confidence/library;         $(RUNTEST)
 	cd src/test/confidence/lola;            $(RUNTEST)
 	cd src/test/confidence/arrayassignment; $(RUNTEST)
+	if [ "$(PLATFORM)" != "windows" ] ; then cd src/test/confidence/signal; $(RUNTEST); fi
 	@printf "\n\n--- Confidence tests passed ---\n\n"